Tag: O20

GREEN OPEN SPACE IN URBAN AREAS: A CASE IN THE GOVERNMENT OFFICE OF BOYOLALI, INDONESIA

Fatma Nugrahaning NASTITI

Researcher in Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

fatmanugrahaning@gmail.com

Sri Rum GIYARSIH

Lecturer in Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

srirum@ugm.ac.id

Abstract

Green open space has a necessary environmental role especially in urban areas where the demand for built-up land increases persistently. Its significance also applies to the integrated government office complex of Boyolali Regency. This research aimed to analyze the available and required green open space in the complex using a survey method, as well as aerial photo interpretation and field observation for data acquisition. The data was then analyzed to identify the available green open space by type, as classified in Act No. 26/2007 and the Regulation of the Ministry of Public Works No. 5/2008, and the required green open space using the Gerarkis method. This research also employed in-depth interviews with several key informants to sharpen the analysis. The results showed that the area of the office complex was 21.7 ha and the available green open space was 10.4 ha, which is larger than the recommended 30% of the total area. This research also found that the required green open space according to the oxygen need in the office complex was 0.006355 ha. Therefore, the available green open space has already met not only the legal requirement but also the oxygen need.

Keywords: availability, need, offices complex, urban green open space

JEL classification: O18, O20
read more

Tags availability, need, O18, O20, offices complex, urban green open space

FACTORS INFLUENCING ON PARTICIPATION TO AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES IN ARMENIA

Lilit GYULGYULYAN

Assistant Professor, Chair of Management, Armenian State University of Economics, Yerevan, Armenia

lilit.gyulgyulyan@gmail.com

(corresponding author)

Ihtiyor BOBOJONOV

Dr., Research Associate, Department of Agricultural Markets, Marketing and World Agricultural Trade, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), Halle (Saale), Germany

bobojonov@iamo.de

Abstract

The creation of agricultural cooperatives has become one of the major priorities in the sector of agriculture in Armenia. Being a post-Soviet country, Armenia greatly depends on agriculture. According to the data of National Statistical Service of Armenia 20.5 percent of Armenian GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is generated from the agricultural sector of the economy, and hence it is one of the priorities of development of Armenian economy (Armstat, 2016). Nowadays people leaving in rural municipalities of Armenia do not have necessary funding to acquire consumer services, such as housing, education, social benefits, telecommunication, credit, and other financial services (Movsisyan, 2013). In this context, agricultural cooperatives, as a major component of the food and agriculture industry, can help them to market their products and enable them to supply at competitive price levels. The continuous creation of agricultural cooperatives in rural communities is distinguished among priorities of the government. So, one of the main goals of government in this sector must be the enhancing of participation of households to agricultural cooperatives. This paper examines the main factors that influence participation of households to cooperatives. It finds out that there is a need to enhance people’s awareness about the benefits of agricultural cooperatives. The paper also examines the impact of agricultural cooperatives on household’s income and welfare.

Keywords: agricultural cooperative, cooperative movement, voluntary association, cooperative participation, cooperative identity

JEL classification: M10, O20, Q13, P32
read more

Tags agricultural cooperative, cooperative identity, cooperative movement, cooperative participation, M10, O20, P32, Q13, voluntary association

Diego Andrés CARREÑO DUEÑAS

School of Mines, National University of Colombia (Universidad Nacional de Colombia), Medellin, Colombia; Professor, School of Industrial Management, Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia (Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia), Duitama, Colombia.

dicarrenod@unal.edu.co, diego.carreno@uptc.edu.co

Walter Lugo RUIZ CASTAÑEDA

Professor, Department of Organizational Engineering, School of Mines, National University of Colombia (Universidad Nacional de Colombia), Medellin Colombia.