Tag: Q01

DOES ZAKAT MATTER FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT? AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

I.K. Balyanda AKMAL

Postgraduate Student in Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

balyanda@gmail.com

M. Shabri Abd. MAJID

Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

Corresponding author

mshabri@unsyiah.ac.id

Eddy GUNAWAN

Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

egunawan@unsyiah.ac.id

Abstract

This study aims to empirically measure and analyze the contribution zakat to human development and, consequently towards the achievement of the Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs) program in Indonesia. Specifically, this study intends to measure the differences in the Human Development Index (HDI) of zakat recipients before and after receiving zakat and measure the effect of zakat on the HDI and its components. The response to these issues, the study estimates the value of the Human Development Index (HDI) at a minor level; the individual and household levels. 100 recipients of zakat (mustahik) from the three programs of zakat distribution by the zakat institution of Aceh Province, Indonesia (Baitul Mal Aceh – BMA) were selected as the sample of the study using a combination of purposive and proportionate stratified random samplings. These zakat programs include zakat for cancer and thalassemia patients, zakat for one family one undergraduate scholarship, and zakat for buying working capital for the poor families. The paired t-test is adopted to assess the differences in HDI of zakat recipients before and after receiving zakat, while the multiple linear regression is used to measure the effect of zakat on the HDI and its components. The study found that, after receiving zakat, the HDI of zakat recipients is higher than before. Zakat is also recorded to have a significant positive effect on the HDI, while the family size affected negatively the HDI and the types of zakat and profession of zakat recipients have an insignificant effect on the HDI. These findings suggest the positive role of zakat in improving human development and it could be used as one of the instruments to accelerate the achievement of the SDGs agenda in Indonesia.

Keywords: Education, Health, Human Development, Welfare, Zakat

JEL classification: D64, O15, Q01, I15, I25, I38

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DYNAMIC HYDROELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN APEC COUNTRIES AND INDIA

ALIASUDDIN

Associate Professor at the Department of Economics, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

aliasuddin@unsyiah.ac.id

Reka RAMADHANA

Student at the Department of Economics, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

rekaramadhana@gmail.com

Abstract

This study is to analyze the effect of economic growth on hydroelectricity consumption in APEC countries and India. The study uses panel data from 1994 to 2016 with 391 total samples, where the variables in the study are economic growth and hydroelectricity consumption.  Panel ARDL is utilized to analyze both short-run and long-run economic growth effects on hydroelectricity consumptions.  The results show that there is a positive and significant effect of economic growth on hydroelectricity consumptions in APEC countries and India.  To minimize the productions of carbon dioxide, it is recommended to optimize hydroelectricity consumptions in this area because this area is the highest carbon dioxide producers in the world.  It is crucial to achieving sustainability in productions and consumptions in this region.

Keywords: hydroelectricity, economic growth, APEC, Panel ARDL

JEL classification: Q01, Q32, Q35, Q43
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CHALLENGES OF A SUSTAINED AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A STUDY-CASE

Zenólia ALMEIDA

PhD. Governador Valadares Academy of Letters, Minas Gerais, Brazil

zenalmeida@gmail.com

Inguelore SCHEUNEMAN

PhD. Assistant Professor retired from Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil

inguelore@gmail.com

Teresa SEQUEIRA

PhD. Assistant Professor at Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), and Senior researcher at Centre for Transdisciplinary Development Studies (CETRAD), Vila Real, Portugal

tsequeir@utad.pt

Francisco DINIZ

PhD. Associate Professor with Abilitation retired from UTAD, and Senior researcher at CETRAD, Vila Real, Portugal

fdiniz@utad.pt

Abstract

The town of Governador Valadares went through several economic cycles throughout its history which led to the destruction of its forests and the depletion of its soil, causing poverty and stagnation. Socioeconomic indicators point out the actual stage of the town’s development. In order to fully understand what its inhabitants think about this reality, two separate researches were conducted: a) with students and teachers of both public and private secondary schools to assess their social awareness regarding the environment, their attitudes, values and social practices towards Rio Doce, as well as the town’s natural and cultural heritage; b) with stakeholders, opinion makers and other inhabitants to understand what they think about “the town we have” and their view of a suitable future for Governador Valadares; in other words, “the town we want to have in a near future”. The information gathered made it possible to make a SWOT analysis that can serve as an important basis for public policies targeting the town’s sustainable development. The final goal of the current study is to make a Master Plan for the Integrated Territory Management – ITM methodology.

Keywords: Territory, Social Perception, Integrated Management, Governance, Sustainability

JEL classification: R58, Q01, 021
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