DETERMINANTS OF EMPLOYMENT SITUATION IN LARGE AGGLOMERATIONS IN INDIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Sabyasachi TRIPATHI

Department of Economics, Adamas University, Kolkata, India

Abstract

The present paper analyzes the employment situation in different class of cities in urban India. By focussing on 52 large urban agglomerations in India and using latest unit level National Sample Survey data for the year of 2011-12 on employment and unemployment, it investigates the relevant city specific determinants of city-wise work-force participation rate (WPR). Finally, it reviews the current and past employment policies in India. The analyses show that though urban India has been witnessing an increase in the number of total job opportunities, WPR in the large cities have declined over the years. The regression results show that indicators like city-wise average land owned by a person, city-wise percentage of persons receiving any vocational training, percentage of persons currently registered with any placement agency, city size population and city output growth have a positive effect on city-wise WPR. Finally, the paper suggests that education of the worker, vocational training, and placement agencies are needed for successful job creation in the large agglomerations in India.

Keywords: Urban Agglomeration, employment, urban India

JEL classification: R1, J21
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PICTURING SPANISH FILMGOERS: MOTIVES, BARRIERS AND FILM THEATRES

Manuel CUADRADO-GARCÍA

Marketing Department, Universitat de València, Spain

Manuel.Cuadrado@uv.es

Nela FILIMON

Corresponding author

Economics Department, Universitat de Girona, Spain

Nela.Filimon@udg.edu

Juan D. MONTORO-PONS

Applied Economics Department, Universitat de València, Spain

Juan.D.Montoro@uv.es

Abstract

Findings on European countries show non-uniform decreasing trends of film theatres’ audiences, the decline being more severe in Spain. This research presents a multifaceted perspective of Spanish filmgoers focused on motives for and barriers to film theatres attendance. Two comprehensive scales (motives, barriers) are proposed. First, motives and barriers are optimally scaled with principal components analysis (PCA); and, second, we identify segments of filmgoers with latent class modelling (LC). PCA recommended a five-factor solution for motives (education, film popularity, film quality, social interaction, and mood) and a seven-factor solution for barriers (film offerings, venue’s features, perception, preference and place, substitute activities, financial restrictions, recreation time disposability). LC analysis suggested three segments: mainstream filmgoers who watch films in multiplexes in shopping centers and in the center of the city; art-house filmgoers; and filmgoers who go to film theatres to watch films in original version. The socioeconomic and behavioral covariates complete the profile of the clusters, and the findings are consistent with the existing evidence on film audiences. Increasing cultural participation is the objective of many governments’ cultural policies and a more comprehensive understanding of film audiences can contribute to this.

Keywords: filmgoers, motives, barriers, latent-class models, PCA

JEL classification: M310, Z11
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THE ASSESSMENT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC POTENTIAL DENSITY OF ARCTIC TERRITORIES IN RUSSIA

Vyacheslav L. BABURIN

Professor, Department of economic and social geography of Russia, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

baburin@yandex.ru

Vladimir S. TIKUNOV

Professor, Integrated Mapping Laboratory, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

vstikunov@yandex.ru

Svetlana V. BADINA

Department of economic and social geography of Russia, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

bad412@yandex.ru

Olga Yu. CHERESHNIA

Researcher, Integrated Mapping Laboratory, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

chereshnya.o@yandex.ru

Abstract

The socio-economic potential is an important indicator that systematically characterizes a specific territory with its economic specifics, as well as the opportunities for its future development.  The article presents a methodology for assessing the density of social and economic potential. The integral index of the socio-economic potential density of the territory takes into account the basic spatial characteristics (indicators): The density of the population concentrated on a given territory, the volume of fixed assets, as well as the level of economic development, defined as the accumulated volume of gross production per area of the economically developed space.  On the basis of this method the estimation of the density of social and economic potential of Russian Arctic territories was carried out, a rating was obtained and a classification was made. Allocated 5 density types of socio-economic potential: metropolitan and industrial; urban and industrial; mixed, mainly West-Central; mixed, mainly Western; peripheral.

Keywords: socio-economic potential, arctic territories, index, classification

JEL classification:
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