Tag: I38

DOES ZAKAT MATTER FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT? AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

I.K. Balyanda AKMAL

Postgraduate Student in Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

balyanda@gmail.com

M. Shabri Abd. MAJID

Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

Corresponding author

mshabri@unsyiah.ac.id

Eddy GUNAWAN

Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

egunawan@unsyiah.ac.id

Abstract

This study aims to empirically measure and analyze the contribution zakat to human development and, consequently towards the achievement of the Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs) program in Indonesia. Specifically, this study intends to measure the differences in the Human Development Index (HDI) of zakat recipients before and after receiving zakat and measure the effect of zakat on the HDI and its components. The response to these issues, the study estimates the value of the Human Development Index (HDI) at a minor level; the individual and household levels. 100 recipients of zakat (mustahik) from the three programs of zakat distribution by the zakat institution of Aceh Province, Indonesia (Baitul Mal Aceh – BMA) were selected as the sample of the study using a combination of purposive and proportionate stratified random samplings. These zakat programs include zakat for cancer and thalassemia patients, zakat for one family one undergraduate scholarship, and zakat for buying working capital for the poor families. The paired t-test is adopted to assess the differences in HDI of zakat recipients before and after receiving zakat, while the multiple linear regression is used to measure the effect of zakat on the HDI and its components. The study found that, after receiving zakat, the HDI of zakat recipients is higher than before. Zakat is also recorded to have a significant positive effect on the HDI, while the family size affected negatively the HDI and the types of zakat and profession of zakat recipients have an insignificant effect on the HDI. These findings suggest the positive role of zakat in improving human development and it could be used as one of the instruments to accelerate the achievement of the SDGs agenda in Indonesia.

Keywords: Education, Health, Human Development, Welfare, Zakat

JEL classification: D64, O15, Q01, I15, I25, I38

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DOES GOODS AND SERVICES SPENDINGS REDUCE INCOME INEQUALITY? A PANEL DATA EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

B. S. NAZAMUDDIN

Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

nazamuddin@unsyiah.ac.id

Khairul AMRI

Lecturer, Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-raniry, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

khairul.amri@ar-raniry.ac.id

(corresponding author)

Abstract

The main purposes of our study are to investigate the effect of goods & services spending (GSS) and social spending (SS) on income inequality (GR). Using a panel data set of 26 provinces in Indonesia from 2005 to 2015, panel vector autoregressive and Granger causality test are employed to explore the causal relationship of the variables. The study found out that the SS has a negative and significant effect on GR at the 2-period horizon. The GR has a positive and significant effect on the GSS at the 4-period horizon, but negative and significant effects at the 3-period horizon. The result of the Granger causality test indicates that there is a unidirectional causality running from GSS to SS, and bidirectional causality exists between GR and SS, and between GR and GSS.

Keywords: Income inequality, goods and services spendings, social spendings, Panel Vector Autoregressive, and Granger Causality test.

JEL classification: D33, H53, I38

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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH BUDGET IN REDUCING POVERTY: EVIDENCE IN INDONESIA

IDARYANI

M.Si, Economics and Business Faculty of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

idaryaniaceh1@gmail.com

Masbar RAJA

Prof, Economics and Business Faculty of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

raja.masbar@unsyiah.ac.id

ALIASUDDIN

Dr, Economics and Business Faculty of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

aliasuddin@unsyiah.ac.id

Nasir MUHAMMAD

Dr, Economics and Business Faculty of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

nasirmsi@unsyiah.ac.id

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of health expenditures in reducing poverty in Indonesia. The data used was panel data from three specific autonomous regions: Aceh, Papua, and West Papua, data from 2006-2017. The method of analysis used in the study was the ARDL Panel model. The results of the study show that in the short term, health expenditures o not affect poverty in the autonomous regions. The results from each region showed no short-term effect. Long-term estimates show that health spending can reduce poverty by up to 6 percent assuming cateris paribus. Adjustments of these impacts will occur every 9.6 months. This study recommends that the government increases the health budget so that the poor can get protection and avoid health problems. The study also recommends increased regulation of health expenditures to make it more effective and have an impact in the short term.

Keywords: Health Budget, Poverty, ARDL Panel, Special Autonomy

JEL classification: C23, H51, I38
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