DOES TRADE OPENNESS AND FISCAL POLICY AFFECT INEQUALITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH? A STUDY IN INDONESIA

Mohammad KHUSAINI

Dr. in Economics, Faculty of Economic and Business, Brawijaya University-INDONESIA

mohkhusaini@yahoo.com

Setyo TRI WAHYUDI

Ph.D in Economics, Faculty of Economic and Business, Brawijaya University-INDONESIA

Setyo81@gmail.com

Zamrud SISWA UTAMA

Master of Economics Student at Faculty of Economic and Business, Brawijaya University-INDONESIA

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of trade openness and Indonesia’s fiscal policy on income inequality and economic growth. The error correction model approach was used to analyze the effect during the period 1980 to 2015. The results show that trade openness can improve inequality but at the same time impede growth. The effect of fiscal policy on reducing inequality is only generated by tax collection but is temporary. Meanwhile, government spending on infrastructure and health proved to encourage growth. On the other hand, education sector spending and tax collection can actually hamper growth.

Keywords: Trade Openness, Inequality, Growth, Fiscal Policy

JEL classification: E62, F63, H50, O40
read more

PROBLEM OF RIVER BANK FAILURE AND THE CONDITION OF THE EROSION VICTIMS: A CASE STUDY IN DHULIAN, WEST BENGAL, INDIA

Debika GHOSH

Assistant Professor, Department Of Geography, Krishnagar Govt. College, Krishnagar, Nadia, West Bengal, India *Corresponding Author Phone No. 8926059023

idebikaghosh@gmail.com

Abhay Sankar SAHU

Assistant Professor, Department Of Geography, University Of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia-741235, West Bengal, India.

sahu.abhaysankar@gmail.com

Abstract

The present paper deals with the problem of bank failure and the present condition of erosion victims in Dhulian. Continuous shifting of river course and erosion introduce vulnerable conditions on physical as well as social environment. Simple methodologies have been adopted to conduct this study. Primary data have been collected from the erosion victims regarding their condition. Satellite images have been used here for mapping purposes. Several statistical methods have also been used for discussions as well. Thousands of people – especially living along the river bank – are in a high risk condition. Population displacement from the river bank areas is the main impact of erosion. Gradual areal extension of riverine islands (chars) is one of the cause which leads to continuous sifting of Ganga towards right bank exhibits not a good sign for the densely populated Dhulian. Overall the condition of the erosion victims is very poor and challenging.

Keywords: River bank erosion, vulnerability, erosion victims, protective strategies

JEL classification:
read more

ECONOMIC REGULATION AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF INSURANCE PRODUCT COST METHOD

Irina V. SUKHORUKOVA

Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor of the Department of Higher Mathematics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation

Natalia A. CHISTIAKOVA

Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Higher Mathematics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation

Abstract

Background. The methodology and economic mechanisms for calculating the cost of a long-term insurance policy, which could optimize management of insurance companies in the Russian Federation, have not been developed. The research into this sphere is relevant under conditions when the functions of insurance supervisors are transferred to the Central Bank of Russia.

Objectives. The priority of this economic study is to establish a scientific rationale for a transfer to the actuarial cost method of an insurance contract, as this method assures a balanced solution for long-term socio-economic problems and stability of the insurance portfolio.

Results. The paper presents the theoretical provisions, methodological approaches and practical recommendations on economic regulation and management of joint business activity involving several participants (partners) in case of premature termination by one of them. This study has investigated the methodological issues of long-term insurance in the Russian Federation; it has developed the theoretical approaches to risk evaluation of premature termination of a joint project because of a participant’s leaving; it has provided the scientific substantiation of and developed a conceptual economic mathematical model for calculating risks of one participant’s early leaving a joint project due to external circumstances; the scientific and practical recommendations for calculation of a rate net premium have been provided using case study.

Methods. To attain the objectives set out we used probability-theoretical models and actuarial mathematical methods for calculating insured components such as computational analysis, balance and statutory methods, and others.

Conclusion. The developed economic mathematical model can be applied for calculating the cost of an insurance contract, both in case of a single insurance product and a combination of different insurance products, that could help improve an insurance company’s liability for consequences of its rate policy. The proposed methods and tools allow taking into account potential risks at all the stages of solution development by an insurance company and avoiding adverse economic consequences in its business activities.

Keywords: insurance rates, net premium, distribution density, distribution function, economic mathematical model of risk insurance

JEL classification: C02
read more