Tag: D14

THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL EXPOSURE ON STUDENTS’ FINANCIAL LITERACY: EVIDENCE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF GJIROKASTRA

Dorjana NANO

Ph.D. Doc. York University, School of Continuing Studies, Toronto, Canada

nano.dori0810@gmail.com

Antoneta POLO

Assoc.Prof.,”Eqrem Çabej” University, Gjirokastra, Albania

neta_polo@yahoo.com

Enkela CACA

Assoc. Prof.,”Eqrem Çabej” University, Gjirokastra, Albania

ebabaramo@yahoo.com

Ilirjana ZYBERI

Assoc. Prof.,”Eqrem Çabej” University, Gjirokastra, Albania

izyberi@yahoo.com

Christos AP. LADIAS

Professor, Regional Science Inquiry Journal, Greece

Ladias@rsijournal.eu

Abstract

Financial literacy shapes how individuals manage money and respond to economic challenges. Research has shown that students with greater financial exposure tend to make better financial decisions. This study examines the impact of financial exposure on financial literacy using survey data from 100 students at the University of Gjirokastra, Albania. A Financial Exposure Index (FEI) was constructed to measure engagement with financial environments, including income, work experience, and sources of financial learning. Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results show that financial exposure has a strong impact on financial literacy. The linear model explains nearly half of the variation in literacy scores, while logistic regression indicates that higher exposure significantly increases the likelihood of achieving adequate literacy (≥70%). Gender and regional background also influence outcomes, though age and marital status are less significant. These findings underscore the importance of practical financial experiences and local context in shaping financial literacy.

Keywords: Financial Literacy, Financial Exposure, University Students, Logistic Regression, Human Capital

JEL classification: A22, G53, D14, I22, C83

pp. 57-62

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AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON FAMILY BUSINESS FINANCING

Brikena LEKA

Associate Professor, University of Tirana

brikenaleka@feut.edu.al

Etleva BAJRAMI

Associate Professor, University of Tirana

etlevabajrami@feut.edu.al

Gentiana SHARKU

Professor, University of Tirana

gentianasharku@feut.edu.al

Abstract

Family business in Albania, as well as in the other countries, is the oldest dominant form of business. Usually for the small businesses which are part of this study these businesses are managed by family members, and some of family members are engaged in this business. These businesses started to recover in Albania, after the 1990 with the overthrow of communism regime. Although during this system the word “private property” almost completely disappeared from the vocabulary, again its traces remained in the focus of the family business (FB). This study is based on primary data, collected through questionnaires for family businesses. A total of 327 questionnaires are considered, covering micro and small family businesses. The questionnaires are completed by directly interviewing the individual who runs their business. The data are elaborated in SPSS, since the data were mainly of a qualitative nature. The study consists of two statistical analyses. First, Chi- square tests are performed to analyze the significance of the relationship and Second, a regression equation was performed to analyze the main factors that determine the way these businesses are financed. This study finds that the owners with high level of education are more prone to use external source of financing, the “older” businesses will finance the greater part of their activity by their own funds, and as the turnover of the previous year increases, a major part of the profit will be reinvested in the business for short-term and long-term investment.

Keywords: family business, financing, lifetime, education, turnover

JEL classification: D14, G51, M13

 pp. 81-91

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