DIGITAL ECONOMY WITHIN THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION: CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

Dinara B. KALYBEKOVA

Senior Lecturer at the Department of Finance and Accounting, University of International Business, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

dinara-kalybekova@tanu.pro

Galiya N. SANSYZBAYEVA

Professor at the Department of Management, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

gn.sansyzbayeva@tanu.pro

Madina O. KOISHYBAEVA

Senior Lecturer at the Department of Management and Foundations of Law, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University, Alma-Ata, Republic of Kazakhstan

madina.koishybaeva@uohk.com.cn

Tolkyn OSPANBEK

Senior Lecturer at the Department of Management and Foundations of Law, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University, Alma-Ata, Republic of Kazakhstan

tospanbek@ust-hk.com.cn

Aitolkyn B. KULMAGANBETOVA

Senior Lecturer at the Department of Management and Foundations of Law, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University, Alma-Ata, Republic of Kazakhstan

ai-kulmaganbetova@uohk.com.cn

Abstract

Theoretical ideas about the influence of growing information flows on the current socio-economic system can be found in the concepts of the post-industrial and information society. Changes in production processes, the reorientation of production with the development of material goods for the provision of services, the globalisation of the economy are noted by theorists of the digital community as more fundamental properties of the newest type of society, caused by informatisation. The digital era is defined by continuous streams of data containing information, knowledge, ideas, and innovation. Global digital transformation (digitalisation) has changed not only the economic, but also the social vision of the world. The rapid growth of high-tech production is a key development trend in the modern world industry. However, the situation in developing countries as well as in “countries with economies in transition” differs from that in developed countries. Accordingly, the purpose of the study is to analyse digital transformation in the socio-economic aspect of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. The readiness of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) as a whole for the digital transformation of the economy and society. Within the framework of the study, the main theoretical approaches to understanding digitalisation and its main processes are identified, the opinion of various authors regarding the understanding of the category of digitalisation and digital transformation of the economy is presented. The trends of digital transformation of both the Eurasian Economic Union and in the context of the participating countries, the main prerequisites and main difficulties in this process are considered, the main problems are identified, and the main prospects are also considered. Prospects for further research are conditioned by the subsequent study of the trends in digital transformation of the EAEU countries, considering the differentiation of the EAEU countries by the level of industrial development, as well as by the degree of lagging behind the global transition trends. The study is of practical value within the framework of summarising data on the main directions of digital transformation development, as well as on the existing difficulties in the EAEU countries regarding this process.

Keywords: Industry 4.0, digitalisation, business structures, digital transformation, national economic systems.

JEL classification: F55, F63, R50 

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HOUSEHOLD IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC FROM A DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE – A REVIEW

Bekhzod EGAMBERDIEV

PhD student, Agricultural Markets, Marketing and World Agricultural Trade (Agricultural Markets), Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), Halle (Saale), Germany

egamberdiev@iamo.de

Abstract

In terms of the socio-economic crisis, the ravages of a pandemic shock indicate that people from developing countries are likely to be more vulnerable. The same direction of impact could be expected in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic; however, both scale and speed of this pandemic differ from others in the past. Therefore, we can expect causes to be different from those of past crises. Although emerging studies are available, the existing literature offers no systematic analysis of household vulnerability in the prism of development economics. Especially the interlinkages of causes and the relative importance of effects and coping strategies are not yet summarized. Therefore, this study aims to provide a systemic assessment of household effects of COVID-19 and tries to identify casual effects of the consequences, to which it adds policy recommendations. The systematic analysis undertaken in this study is based on a cluster analysis of 150 articles and reports provided in international literature. This study shows that two distinct impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic concern food security and market imbalance, together with socio-economic consequences, which a large number of studies identify as the core of a pandemic. Similarly, risk mitigation strategies such as strengthening farm support, food system resilience, and social protection need to be particularly promoted under COVID-19 conditions. The study also identifies research gaps especially in particularities of health outcomes in different food systems and on different economic development levels.

Keywords: Food security, resilience, pandemic, income, poverty, inequality

JEL classification: Q10, Q11, Q13, Q18

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A NOTE ON THE USE OF AMENITIES TO ATTRACT CREATIVE CLASS MEMBERS TO A CITY

Amitrajeet A. BATABYAL

Arthur J. Gosnell Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623-5604, USA

aabgsh@rit.edu

Seung Jick YOO

Associate Professor, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

sjyoo@sookmyung.ac.kr

Corresponding Author

Abstract

We study the decision problem faced by a city authority (CA) who seeks to attract members of the creative class to his city by providing amenities. Creative class members care about their own incomes and about the amenities that the city provides. We construct a stylized model of this interaction and shed light on three questions. First, we determine how much additional income must be paid to a representative creative class member to maintain her utility if amenities are withdrawn. Second, we compute the cost of generating amenity benefits that equal a specific fraction of the representative creative class member’s income. Finally, we discuss whether the provision of amenity benefits is a cost-effective way of raising the representative creative class member’s utility.

Keywords: Amenity Benefits, City Authority, Cost-Effectiveness, Creative Class, Income

JEL classification: R11, R50

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