Month: June 2024

REGIONAL DYNAMICS AND STATE-LEVEL PERFORMANCE IN INDIA’S INDIRECT TAX SCENARIO: EXPLORING GOODS AND SERVICES TAX (GST) REVENUE JOURNEY

Gajanan BHARAT HALDANKAR

Assistant professor, Department of Commerce, VVM’s Shree Damodar college of Commerce & Economics, Goa, India

Gajanan.haldankar@vvm.edu.in.

(Corresponding author)

Santosh PATKAR

Professor & Principal, Sridora Caculo College of Commerce and Management Studies, Goa, India

patkar_santosh@rediffmail.com.

Abstract

Goods and Services tax was implemented in India from 2017 as a new indirect tax law intended to simplify and consolidate the previous tax system. India is a country with large population with diverse geographical regions, it becomes paramount for assessing the GST performance across different regions of the nation. For achieving the goal of the research secondary data of GST revenue from all 28 states and 8 union territories were collected and categorized into six regions. For the study Graph analysis, descriptive analysis, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed using Jamovi statistical software. The results of the study demonstrated the States/UTs that excel in terms of GST collection in their designated regions. In Northern region Haryana stands out, Assam leads the pack in Northeastern region, in central region Uttar Pradesh demonstrated a strong performance, in Eastern region West Bengal excels, Maharashtra performs well in the Western region and in Southern region the State of Karnataka is the best performer. These States demonstrated exceptional performance in collecting GST revenue within their regions. Additionally, the study revealed an upward trend in GST revenue performance across all regions of India particularly in Western region. However, it also indicates that certain States/UT’s & regions are not performing up to expectations when considering their population size. This research work gives a valuable perspective for the tax department, researchers and policymakers empowering them to develop strategies that can boost the region wise GST revenue collection and will help in promoting economic growth of the country.

Keywords: Indirect Tax, Goods and Services Tax (GST), Revenue performance, Region, India

JEL classification: H71, H20, H21

 pp. 39-53

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MEASURING GROSS EMPLOYMENT GENERATION POSSIBILITIES IN THE BIOGAS VALUE CHAIN IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

Gustavo FERRO

Associate Professor and Independent Researcher, Universidad del CEMA (UCEMA) and CONICET. gaf97@ucema.edu.ar

gferro05@yahoo.com.ar.

M. Priscila RAMOS 

Adjunct Professor and Adjunct Researcher, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política de Buenos Aires.

mpramos@economicas.uba.ar

Carlos A. ROMERO

Adjunct Professor and Researcher at CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política (IIEP-BAIRES).

cromero@economicas.uba.ar

Abstract

Biogas is generated from substrates derived from agriculture and cattle, agroindustry (slaughterhouses, flour, and sugar mills), urban solid waste, and sewerage treatment. This study measures the current and potential production and gross employment in the biogas value chain in three southern states in Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul). We offer two contributions: first, an input-output methodology to focus on the problem of disparate or nonexistent sectoral information, both in monetary and physical units; second, the quantitative results of output and gross job creation derived from shocks at the regional level. We calibrate input-output matrices of the three states with compatibilized sector entries, opening new ones for those not included in official statistics (derived from specific surveys). Once the baseline has been established, we consider three scenarios: demand-pull that achieves full capacity utilization, supply push that addresses new investments in the sector assuming guaranteed demand, and full utilization of substrates supply for biogas production. Employment multipliers are in line with literature on comparative activities found elsewhere in the world. Our findings support the hypothesis of the relatively high labor intensity in the biogas industry.

Keywords: biogas, Brazil, input-output, employment

JEL classification: Q42, R15

 pp. 21-37

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USING ENTERPRISE ZONES TO ATTRACT THE CREATIVE CLASS: SOME THEORETICAL ISSUES

Amitrajeet A. BATABYAL

Arthur J. Gosnell Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623-5604, USA

aabgsh@rit.edu

Seung Jick YOO

Associate Professor, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

sjyoo@sookmyung.ac.kr

Corresponding Author

Abstract

We study decision-making by a regional authority (RA) that uses enterprise zones to attract members of the creative class—referred to as entrepreneurs—to its region. The enterprise zones provide a local public good (LPG)  to entrepreneurs who become members. First, we compute the utility maximizing number of entrepreneurs  to attract and the optimal provision level of the LPG. Second, if the LPG  is chosen optimally, then, given  we determine an expression for the utility of an entrepreneur. Third, we calculate how much an entrepreneur would be willing to pay to become a member of an enterprise zone and then discuss the potential existence of an efficient and revenue-neutral equilibrium. Finally, we comment on some theoretical difficulties stemming from the twin facts that the number of enterprise zones created and the number of entrepreneurs attracted to these zones have to be integers.

Keywords: Creative Class, Enterprise Zone, Entrepreneur, Local Public Good, Membership

JEL classification: R11, R58

 pp. 13-19

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