RESTORATIVE JUSTICE: A VALUE FOR MONEY JUSTICE?

Vasso ARTINOPOULOU

Professor in Criminology, Head of Sociology Department, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences 136 Syngrou Avenue, 17671 Athens, Greece
Co Founder and Co Director of the Restorative Justice for All Institute (London, UK)
vasiliki.artinopoulou@panteion.gr

Abstract

The deadlocks of the traditional criminal justice systems are reflected in the reproduction of the multiple and complex social inequalities, the high rates of reoffending and recidivism, the underrepresentation of the victims’ voices, and the overpopulated prisons.  In this paper, I thoroughly analyze the Restorative Justice case through an evidence-based perspective. I examine the deadlocks of the criminal justice systems by employing recent statistics from the Council of Europe (SPACE I and II). After reviewing the state of the art, I present the potential of Restorative Justice in dealing with the crime prevention and corrections, identifying the strengths and weakness of Restorative Justice on theoretical, methodological and policy level.  Original research findings from a victim-oriented approach are also presented to address the need of expanding Restorative Justice beyond the field of juvenile delinquency. The paper addresses also the economy of the Restorative Justice comparing to the traditional criminal justice systems and focuses on the social capital as a key issue for assessing the impact of Restorative Justice in the community and social level. I conclude with suggestions for a new model of Restorative Justice that brings together theory, research and practice in the criminal justice policies. The need for inter- and trans- disciplinary approaches and synergies is also stressed in the paper’s conclusions.

Keywords: Restorative Justice, Criminal Justice System, Social Capital, Human Rights, Crime Prevention Policies

JEL classification:
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TOURISM DEMAND AND TAX RELATIONSHIP IN ISLAMIC REGIONS

Majid FESHARI

Assistant Professor of Kharazmi University province, Iran.
majid.feshari@gmail.com

Ali AKBAR TAGHIPOUR

Assistant Professor of Damghan University
taghipour.a9@gmail.com

Mojtaba VALIBEIGI

Assistant Professor of Buein Zahra Technical University, Buein Zahra city, Qazvin province, Iran.
M.valibeigi@bzte.ac.ir
Mojtaba.valibeigi@gmail.com

Abstract

The relationship between tax and tourism receipts is one of the crucial issues in tourism literature and has been considered empirically in recent years.  For this purpose, the main objective of this paper is to determine the long-run relationship between tax ratio to GDP and tourism receipts in OIC selected countries during the 1990-2014. The econometric model for these countries has been estimated by applying dynamic OLS approach. The main findings of this study reveal that tax ratio has negative effect on the tourism receipts and GDP per capita and its growth have positive and significant effect on the tourism receipts in Islamic selected countries. Hence, the main policy implication of this paper is that the tourism managers in these countries should adopts policies to improve the tax revenue through the increase of product capacity. Moreover, the increasing of GDP per capita can improve the tourism receipts in these countries.

Keywords: Tourism, Taxation, Tax Incentives, GDP Per Capita, DOLS Approach

JEL classification: C23, L83, O49

A HYBRID MODEL PROPOSAL BASED ON SCM AND RCM ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN MODELS (A.B.Ms)

Nikos ALABANOS

Department of Maritime Studies, University of Piraeus
nikosalab@yahoo.gr

Sotiris THODOROPOULOS

Department of Maritime Studies, University of Piraeus
stheod@unipi.gr

Abstract

The existent administrative burden models’ (ABM’s) perform certain weaknesses mainly on: a) Regulatory cost measurement expansion, b) Integration & standardization of data and sampling measurement methods, c) Integration & Standardization of time and resources d) Evaluation of the weaknesses of Public Administration and e) lack of standardized international comparison benchmark. Based on these main deficiencies the address of certain amendments that will meet contemporary challenges such as: i) the standardization of data collection methodology, ii) a more solid substantive cost measurement methodology, iii) an extended AB measurement capabilities module and finally iv) the feature of international comparison, is a significant amelioration.

Keywords: Administrative burden, Administrative Burden Model (A.B.M.), administrative costs, substantive costs, international comparison, Standard Cost Model (S.C.M.), Regulatory Cost Measurement Model (R.C.M.).

JEL classification: G38, K20, L51
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