Month: November 2019

THE URBAN STRUCTURE OF SPAIN AND ITALY (1900-2011)

Carlos GAYÁN-NAVARRO

University of Zaragoza, Spain

carlosgayannavarro@gmail.com

Miguel PUENTE-AJOVIN

University of Zaragoza, Spain

mpajovin@unizar.es

Fernando SANZ-GRACIA

University of Zaragoza, Spain

fsanz@unizar.es

Abstract

Our main purpose is to study the evolution of the urban structure of Spanish and Italian municipalities from 1900 to 2010. We use the estimation of the Pareto exponents to show that the most important behavior  is the increase of inequality in the distribution  over time. Convergence is more likely in Italy and for larger urban units.

Financial support from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (ECO2017-82246-P) and support by Aragon Government (ADETRE Consolidated Group) is acknowledged.

Keywords: urban evolution, Spain, Italy, Pareto exponent

JEL classification: R11, R12
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A STOCHASTIC MODEL OF COMPETITION BETWEEN TWO CITIES FOR MEMBERS OF THE CREATIVE CLASS

Amitrajeet A. BATABYAL

Arthur J. Gosnell Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623-5604, USA

aabgsh@rit.edu

Seung Jick YOO

Graduate School of International Service, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

sjyoo@sookmyung.ac.kr

*Corresponding Author

Abstract

Batabyal and Yoo (2019) have recently obtained a significant result in their analysis of the use of utilitarian and Rawlsian policies by two cities to attract the creative class. They show that if one city switches to a Rawlsian or more egalitarian objective when the other city remains utilitarian, the aggregate economy of two cities becomes less egalitarian. We show that this result depends fundamentally on the assumption that the creative class population can be described by a triangular probability distribution. If this population is modeled instead with an inverted triangular probability distribution then the above result is reversed in the sense that the welfare of the worst-off member of the creative class is always enhanced when one city switches to a Rawlsian or more egalitarian objective, irrespective of the objective of the other city.

Keywords: City, Competition, Creative Class, Rawlsian, Utilitarian

JEL classification: R11, D63
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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH BUDGET IN REDUCING POVERTY: EVIDENCE IN INDONESIA

IDARYANI

M.Si, Economics and Business Faculty of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

idaryaniaceh1@gmail.com

Masbar RAJA

Prof, Economics and Business Faculty of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

raja.masbar@unsyiah.ac.id

ALIASUDDIN

Dr, Economics and Business Faculty of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

aliasuddin@unsyiah.ac.id

Nasir MUHAMMAD

Dr, Economics and Business Faculty of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia

nasirmsi@unsyiah.ac.id

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of health expenditures in reducing poverty in Indonesia. The data used was panel data from three specific autonomous regions: Aceh, Papua, and West Papua, data from 2006-2017. The method of analysis used in the study was the ARDL Panel model. The results of the study show that in the short term, health expenditures o not affect poverty in the autonomous regions. The results from each region showed no short-term effect. Long-term estimates show that health spending can reduce poverty by up to 6 percent assuming cateris paribus. Adjustments of these impacts will occur every 9.6 months. This study recommends that the government increases the health budget so that the poor can get protection and avoid health problems. The study also recommends increased regulation of health expenditures to make it more effective and have an impact in the short term.

Keywords: Health Budget, Poverty, ARDL Panel, Special Autonomy

JEL classification: C23, H51, I38
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