Month: November 2019

ANALYSIS ON TRAVEL EXPENDITURE BY OCCUPATION FOR JAPAN DOMESTIC TRAVEL

Kenichi SHIMAMOTO

Associate Professor, Hirao School of Management, Konan University, Japan

ken_japan51@hotmail.com

Abstract

There is growing interest in the travel market with its significant impact on the economy and society. This paper attempts to provide some insight to the Japan domestic travel market by analysing the travel related purchasing behaviour by occupation. It examines travel related expenditure covering five consumption items for domestic travel with and without overnight stays by Japan residents. The occupations examined are management; professionals and engineers; administration; retail, service and security; agriculture, lumbering, fishing; manufacturing, transport, construction, field work; housewives; students; retired and unemployed. The results find that the greatest difference by occupation is the partiality agriculture, lumbering and fishing and housewives have towards package tours, holidays and vacation for travel with and without overnight stays. Concerning travel with overnight stays, management, professionals and engineers exhibited similar purchasing behaviours and for travel without overnight stays, professionals, engineers, administration retail, service and security displayed similar preferences. Students showed an exceptionally strong partiality towards entrance and attraction expenditure when travelling without overnight stays. Another significant result is the weak preference by management for travel gifts and shopping. The purchasing behaviour of manufacturing, transport, construction and field work were the closest to the average traveller.

Keywords: occupation, travel expenditure, consumption item, Japan domestic overnight travel

JEL classification: J10, Z30, Z33
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ASSESSING THE STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE GREEK ECONOMY FOR THE PERIOD PRIOR TO ECONOMIC CRISIS

Triantafyllos PNEVMATIKOS

PhD in Planning and Regional Development, University of Thessaly

trpnevmatikos@gmail.com

Serafeim POLYZOS

Professor, University of Thessaly, Department of Planning and Regional Development

spolyzos@uth.gr

Dimitrios TSIOTAS

Adjunct Lecturer, University of Thessaly, Department of Planning and Regional Development

tsiotas@uth.gr

Abstract

The process of economic growth is directly related to structural changes, the study of which has been the subject of research for many decades and it allowed detecting the dynamics affecting national and regional economies over  time. Especially for the policy makers, the in-depth understanding of inter-sectorial linkages and of the structural changes existing in national or regional economics is increasingly important for the planning of effective economic policies leading to economic development and to the improvement of competitiveness and productivity. Within this context, this paper studies the inter-sectorial linkages in the Greek economy by using a combined approach based on input-output modeling and on causative matrix analysis. The purpose of the analysis is to detect the structural changes in Greece at the period prior to economic crisis (2000-2010), which is an important period because, at that time, the economic structure of the country have been proven deficient to successfully deal with the crisis that followed. The analysis shows that the majority of the productivity sectors (impressively) witnessed an increase in their gross output at that time, that the most significant changes induced in the tertiary sector, where technical changes were fewer than those captured due to change in final demand, and that the effects of final demand are increasingly individually internalized. The overall approach aspires to learn from a crucial period leading to an economic crisis, under a structural perspective of the Greek economy.

Keywords: structural changes, input-output analysis, multipliers, Greek economy.

JEL classification: Q33, Q40, Q41
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ASSESSMENT AND MECHANISM OF REGULATING INTER-REGIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIFFERENTIATION (CASE STUDY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)

Elena GUBANOVA

Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Professor, Head of the Finance and Credit Department, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Vologda State University”, Russia

gubanova_elena@mail.ru

Nikolai VOROSHILOV

Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Research Associate of the Sector for Research in the Effectiveness of Management of Socio-Economic Systems of the Department for Issues of Socio-Economic Development and Management in Territorial Systems, Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Russia

niks789@yandex.ru

Abstract

The existence of significant differences in the levels of socio-economic development of Russian regions and the need to determine state impact methods aimed at reducing inequality indicate the existence of territorial differentiation; this is the problem the article authors address. The paper proposes a methodological approach to the assessment of inter-regional differentiation, which helps solve a set of inter-related tasks on the basis of the data of state statistics and expert surveys. To assess the extent and size of territorial inequalities, the variation and Theil indices are used. The correlation and regression analysis discloses a trend to reduce differences among Russian regions in 2005-2017. On the basis of the author’s method, the integral index (aggregating 22 private indicators) is calculated; on its basis, RF subjects are grouped according to a socio-economic development level. The complexity and scale of the differentiation problem is emphasized by the fact that at the end of 2017, 43 subjects belong to the groups with below average and low development levels. The work identifies “backward regions” (18) and “regions with a sign of depression” (13), which should become a priority object of the federal regional policy. The analysis proves the hypothesis about weak influence of the state policy tools of regional development in Russia on processes of territorial development and confirms reduction in the scale and consequences of differentiation. The authors propose a conceptual scheme of the mechanism to manage the process of reducing inter-regional differentiation and overcoming its consequences, which can be used when implementing the Strategy for Spatial Development of the Russian Federation and other strategic planning documents. The results can be used by federal authorities to improve methods and tools for implementing the state policy of regional development, as well as serve as the basis for further research on this topic.

Keywords: Russian Federation, region (RF subject), inter-regional differentiation, gross regional product, convergence.

JEL classification: R1, R5
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